Rail transport has long been regarded as one of the most environmentally friendly modes of travel, but the railways industry is now pushing further to reduce its carbon footprint. In 2022, global railway emissions reached 1.1 billion tonnes of CO2. Now that environmental concerns have become priority, railway operators and governments worldwide are investing in cleaner alternatives. Currently, more than 10,000 electric trains are operating globally, with financial backing from institutions like the European Investment Bank (EIB), which has contributed 39 billion euros to railway development in recent years. The goal is clear: cut emissions by 50% by 2030 and make rail transport the backbone of sustainable mobility. Advancements in digital services are significantly improving railway operations and passenger experiences. AI-powered surveillance systems now monitor track conditions in real time, alerting operators to potential anomalies before they escalate into safety risks. Predictive maintenance, enabled by machine learning, reduces downtime and enhances efficiency. Beyond safety and operational improvements, digitalization has also a noticeable positive impact on passenger services. Algorithms are now analyzing commuter behavior to help optimize train schedules, and ensure smoother and more efficient travel. More investments are also made in automation and data-driven technology, which makes the railway industry one of the closest to making smart mobility solutions the norm. While railway transport is considered relatively safe, accidents still occur. In 2022, around 1,100 train accidents resulted in 2,000 fatalities worldwide. Despite Transport Focus’ survey indicating that 88% of rail users rarely or never feel unsafe while traveling, enhancing safety remains a top priority. Advanced safety measures, such as automatic train protection (ATP) systems, are being implemented to minimize risks. These systems can autonomously halt trains in emergency situations, preventing potential disasters. Furthermore, ongoing staff training programs emphasize safety-conscious operations, ensuring a secure railway network for the future.